PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SEMANTICAL-SYNTACTICAL FUNCTIONS OF DATIVE AT THE SYSTEM OF TRANSPOSITION

Abstract

The article continues the cycle of research devoted to the issue of grammatical transposition within the case category in connection with the situationalpragmatic purpose of the context. The dative case, in its transpositional intentions, gravitates most towards the objectivity of the nominative, it can also acquire object meanings with various semantic shades. However, its primary addressee function remains outside of transpositional changes and is therefore expressed only by a grammeme of the dative case. The primary semе of the addressee determines the emergence and functioning of the secondary meanings of the dative case. In this regard, the semantic paradigm of the considered case is relatively unbranched, limited not only lexically, but also semantically and syntactically. The secondary functions of the dative case are caused by transpositional modifications mainly in the plane of the nominative and accusative cases and form a subsystem of the following meanings: subject of state, potential subject of action, destination (especially with shades of limitation), object of action and state. Peripheral values of the dative case – addressive-possessive, indicative, etc. – usually arise as a result of partial or complete adjectivization. Metaphorization of the dative case is a rather rare, but specific phenomenon. This grammatical form allows you to emphasize the expressed subjectivity, intimacy, emotionality. The dative case, being transposed, can change the stylistics of the context, adding a colloquial color to it, emphasizing categoricalness or strengthening the imperative modality. The principles of analysis of transposition processes used in the article make it possible to reveal the deep systemic connections of grammatical units and categories, which contributes to the enrichment of the theory of functional grammar of the Ukrainian language, grammatical stylistics. The scientific novelty of the work is determined by the complex nature of the study of transpositional modifications within the grammatical category of case, highlighting the role of predicate valence and transpositional changes in the formation of non-special case values.