Conceptual approaches of psychological essence of the category "choice"

Abstract

The article presents a theoretical analysis of the psychological parameters of the concept of "choice" in foreign and domestic literature, which revealed its ambiguous interpretation. The characteristics of choice from the standpoint of different psychological approaches and directions have been distinguished, the characteristics of choice according to a number of criteria have been systematized, among which are the participation of consciousness, the level of mental regulation of human behavior and activity, individual peculiarities of the person, the effectiveness of the choice, the availability of alternatives of choice, structure, reversibility and scale. Related concepts for this phenomenon in the scientific literature have been defined the concepts of "freedom", "decision", "responsibility". The choice has been considered as a complex, dynamic, psychological formation, a conscious process of making a decision by the person, based on the results of comparison in a particular life situation of different alternatives. It has been established that the completion of the selection is judged mainly by the presence of the result, not by time frames and not by stage. The dynamics of choice have been considered in the context of the subject's confidence in his own choice, the appearance of doubt when choosing one or the other alternative. The determinants of different kinds, levels and generalization have been identified among the main factors, that influencing exercise of choice. The attention was focused on the complex nature of the interrelations between objective and subjective living conditions, that influence decision making in the choice. According to the nature of the situation and the degree of manifestation of personality subjectivity in making the choice, the following types of choice have been established: life, existential, moral, social.